Featured image of post Prewley Moor and the Iceworks

Prewley Moor and the Iceworks

A stroll up to Sourton Tors taking in the ill-fated Iceworks

A medium 3 mile walk by Keith Ryan on  Mar 25, 2009.   Added on  Dec 27, 2024

Information

Map

Map of Route -  Crown Copyright -  Ordnance Survey Licence number 100047373

Introduction

This walks takes us up the Northwestern slopes to Sourton Tors, stopping to view the Iceworks on the way. After admiring the views from the Tor, we make a short detour to visit the Applecrusher before following the gradient around the Western face of the tor and back to the car park.

Leave the car park and head Southwards upwards along the paths

Looking across Prewley Moor of “Sourton Tors”, with Sourton Tor (left) and East Tor

A reave - a linear feature on the OS map at SX 54552 90463

Dartmoor reaves are ancient long, straight lines of stone or earth that were built during the Bronze Age, primarily between 1500 and 1200 BC.

The exact purpose of the reaves remains somewhat debated, but they are believed to have served a variety of functions, such as Boundary Markers, Agricultural features to contain livestock or for ceremonial or ritual practices.

Dartmoor has the most extensive and well preserved systems of prehistoric field boundaries in Europe.

Iceworks

Entering the Iceworks. SX 54607 90048

This system of earthworks and ruined buildings hints at one of the attempts to bend Dartmoor to man’s will. It can be viewed as a Folly, for it was not successful.

These works date from 1875 when a Mr James Henderson leased the land from the Duchy of Cornwall for a period of 15 years and he was allowed to “form ponds, and collect, and store ice for a term of 21 years running from February 1875 at an annual rent of £10.” He spent several thousand pounds setting up this endeavour.

The ponds were not allowed to be deeper than three feet and must be securely fenced. It was an agreement that upon completion, that the land be returned to its natural state.

The plan was simple enough - to fill ponds with water and wait for winter to freeze them. Then ice would be cut and transported to Plymouth for sale, at up to £3 a ton.

Unfortunately, events worked against Mr Henderson. A series of unusually mild winters meant little or no ice was produced, and then a rival company set up in Plymouth that created ice all year around, and that dropped the price to just £1 a ton, with none of the transport costs associated with hauling it there. Although this spelled the ending for these Iceworks, the Plymouth Rival also went out of business.

The scheme collapsed and a meeting was called with the Duchy in 1886 to surrender the lease early. Mr Henderson had tried to sell the Iceworks as a going concern for a little as £100 - a huge loss on his investment - but there were no takers and it remained unsold. As you can see, the land was never returned to its natural state so remains as a monument to risky business plans.

Remains of the Office, with more building remnants of the ice house behind

Same location

Unusual bored hole

This hole appears to be a core sample, taken by unknown persons. It’s not a drill mark, nor a tare and feather hole. Nor is it a rock worm, as suggested by some wags.

To a non-expert, this rock seems to be sedimentary, then changed by heat into a metamorphic rock. Perhaps it is unusual and that’s why it was sampled?

Remains of some of the ponds where the ice was made

A view of Meldon Reservoir from the Iceworks

Two granite posts. The Irons Gates (Referred to by William Crossing) marked the Kings’ Way ancient track

When ready, walk upwards towards the tor

Sourton Tors

Heading up to Sourton Tors

Approaching the Tors

The Trig Point at Sourton Tor. Elevation 440m, 1443 feet

When done admiring the views, head Southeast around 375m towards the junction of several paths at a small pond

Applecrusher

Half of an old cider apple press. SX 54637 89600

This style of crush had a horse, pony, donkey or ox walking around with a rigid wooden bar mounted to its harness. This was connected through the middle of a heavy, round stone or hardwood wheel that ran in the groove and onto the central pivot. As the wheel turned, apples would be thrown into the groove and mashed. There would be a run-off channel for the juice, which was collected to turn into Cider. As you can imagine, this created a lot of juice and would have needed several people to operate efficiently, giving an indication of scale and how important Cider was to Devonians.

This specific example was either broken when being carved, or during transport. Or it was intended to be made in two halves to make it easier to carry. It’s not known where the other half is.

A collapsed stone circle nearby

A look back up to Sourton Tors

Ancient sunken track, near to the Applecrusher

Boundary Stone

Boundary stone, marked “BS” on the map, at SX 54465 89498. The “B” signifies “Bridestowe”

“SP” on the other side for “Sourton Parish”

We now head down the track to the Southwest, bearing right after a hundred meters or so, aiming just left of the Sourton Tors outcroppings

A rock with a thick layer of quartz

Close up of same rock

Another nearby with a vein of quartz running vertically

American Influence

D-Day preparations

American Soldiers trained in this area when preparing for D-Day in 1945. Although hard to distinguish, the above feature was a former World War II Machine Gun Nest. Fortunately never needed on Dartmoor, but a sobering reminder of the many lives were lost across the Channel.

An old slit trench from the same period

Keep following the gradient below the Western side of Sourton Tors and then head back to the parking

Parking

Turn off at the main A386 Tavistock to Okehampton road, passing between the embankments of the old railway - now the Granite Way. Over a cattle grid and park alongside the single track road.

References